X-Ray Analysis - Diamond Sorting Equipment (Use & Service Restricted)

Basic Background Physics:

• Brief History of X-Radiation
• Define: Atom, Atomic number, Mass number

Types & Industrial uses of Radiation:

• Describe: Ionising radiation, Electromagnetic radiation, X-radiation, Gamma radiation
• Shielding requirements for adequately blocking various types of radiation Industrial Applications of various types of Ionising Radiation

Generation, Spectrum & Properties of X-Rays:

• Generation of X-rays, Braking Radiation (Bremsstrahlung), Radiation Spectrum, Advantages and disadvantages of Beryllium Window, Effects of Filtration, Tube current and Voltage on X-Ray Spectrum, Properties of X-Rays

Radiation Dose & Dose Rates:

• Define: Absorbed Dose, Equivalent Dose & Radiation Weighting Factor
• Describe: Practical Units of Radiation Dose – Gray, Sievert, Rad & Rem

Principles of Radiation Protection:

• Describe: Various methods of minimisation of radiation dose such as TIME, DISTANCE & SHIELDING
• Inverse Square Law, Transmission Factor, Transmission Chart

Biological Effects of Radiation:

• Explain with examples, various types of radiation injuries such as Somatic, Deterministic, Stochastic & Genetic Effects
• ALARA Principle, Lethal Doses (LD50 & LD100)

Radiation in Perspective:

• Describe various Natural Background Radiation sources around us, Artificial Radiation sources, Annual Background radiation dose received in Western Australia, Recommended Effective Whole-body Dose Limits (The ICRP Guidelines)

Detection & Measurement of Radiation:

• Describe various types of radiation detectors available for detection of Ionising radiation such as Ion Chamber, GM-Detector & Scintillation Detector
• Advantages and Disadvantages of various types of radiation detectors.
• Calibration of Radiation Detectors
• Personal Dosimeters such as Film & TLD badges and Canary

Radiation Safety Legislation:

• Understand various Regulations & regulatory guidelines (eg, Applicable Code of Practice) stipulated to regulate use of X-ray Analysis Diamond Sorting equipment in Western Australia, Site Registration & Licencing requirements and conditions, RSO responsibilities, Effective Whole-body Dose Limits stipulated by the Regulatory Guidelines in WA

X-Ray Analysis Diamond Sorting Equipment:

• Introduction, Diamond Sorting process, X-Ray Analysis Diamond Sorting Equipment, Permissible External Dose Limit, Maintenance of X-Ray Analysis Diamond Sorting Equipment

Practical Components:

• Verify Inverse-square Law, determine transmission factors of shielding blocks Perform dose rate measurements using various types of survey meters (Ion Chamber, GM detectors and Scintillation Detector)